Access rights
You can connect to a MySQL database if you provide a user name and the 
associated password. Furthermore, the machine where you connect from must 
be associated with this user to allow a connection. This is based on the 
assumption that a user with a specific user name from one host is different from 
a user with the same user name from a different host.
This access information is stored in the 
mysql.user 
table in the fields 
user, 
password,
 and
 host
. The MySQL wildcard 
%
 is often used in the host field to 
specify that this user can connect from any host. The wildcard 
`_'
 is also 
sometimes used for single characters.
In Example 6 9 the user 
Klaus
 can connect from any host, the user 
Michael
 can 
connect from just the host 
lochness.almaden.ibm.com
, and from 
localhost
 any 
user can connect.
Example 6 9   Sample user data for connection verification
mysql> select user, password, host from user;
+         +                  +                          +
| user    | password         | host                     |
+         +                  +                          +
|         |                  | localhost                |
| Michael | 2f4fba967c46f214 | lochness.almaden.ibm.com |
| Klaus   | c46f2142f4fba967 | %                        |
+         +                  +                          +
Please refer to the
 MySQL Reference Manual
(at
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/
)for a complete description of the MySQL 
connection verification. You can also find information on how the entries in the 
mysql.user
table are ordered when the provided connection data meets more 
than one connection criteria. In the above example, this would be when user 
Klaus
 connects from 
localhost
.
Privileges
Once a connection to the MySQL database is established, each time a command 
is run against the database, MySQL checks if the connected user has sufficient 
privileges to run this command.
Privileges exist for selecting, inserting, updating, and deleting data for creating, 
altering, and dropping tables and other operations performed at the database 
level.
All privileges are stored in either the 
mysql.user, mysql.db, mysql.host, 
mysql.tables_priv
or 
mysql.columns_priv 
tables.
 Chapter 6. Data porting 
139






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