BLOCKS AND STATEMENTS
Execution of
try catch
14.18.1
parameter
); the declared type of the exception parameter must be the class
Throwable
 or a subclass of
Throwable
, or a compile time error occurs. The
scope of the parameter variable is the
Block
 of the
catch
 clause. An exception
parameter must not have the same name as a local variable or parameter in whose
scope it is declared, or a compile time error occurs.
The scope of the name of an exception parameter is the
Block
 of the
catch
clause. The name of the parameter may not be redeclared as a local variable or
exception parameter within the
Block
 of the
catch
 clause; that is, hiding the name
of an exception parameter is not permitted.
Exception parameters cannot be referred to using qualified names ( 6.6), only
by simple names.
Exception handlers are considered in left to right order: the earliest possible
catch
 clause accepts the exception, receiving as its actual argument the thrown
exception object.
A
finally
 clause ensures that the
finally
 block is executed after the
try
block and any
catch
 block that might be executed, no matter how control leaves
the
try
 block or
catch
 block.
Handling of the
finally
 block is rather complex, so the two cases of a
try
statement with and without a
finally
 block are described separately.
14.18.1   Execution of
try catch
Our supreme task is the resumption of our onward, normal way.
 Warren G. Harding, Inaugural Address (1921)
A
try
 statement without a
finally
 block is executed by first executing the
try
block. Then there is a choice:
If execution of the
try
 block completes normally, then no further action is
taken and the
try
 statement completes normally.
If execution of the
try
 block completes abruptly because of a
throw
 of a
value
V
, then there is a choice:
N
If the run time type of
V
 is assignable ( 5.2) to the
Parameter
 of any
catch
clause of the
try
 statement, then the first (leftmost) such
catch
 clause is
selected. The value
V
 is assigned to the parameter of the selected
catch
clause, and the
Block
 of that
catch
 clause is executed. If that block com 
pletes normally, then the
try
 statement completes normally; if that block
completes abruptly for any reason, then the
try
 statement completes
abruptly for the same reason.
291






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