3.10.1
Integer Literals
LEXICAL STRUCTURE
An integer literal is of type
long
 if it is suffixed with an ASCII letter
L
 or
l
(ell); otherwise it is of type
int
 ( 4.2.1). The suffix
L
 is preferred, because the let 
ter
l
 (ell) is often hard to distinguish from the digit
1
 (one).
A decimal numeral is either the single ASCII character
0
, representing the
integer zero, or consists of an ASCII digit from
1
 to
9
, optionally followed by one
or more ASCII digits from
0
 to
9
, representing a positive integer:
DecimalNumeral:
0
NonZeroDigit Digits
opt
Digits:
Digit
Digits Digit
Digit:
0
NonZeroDigit
NonZeroDigit: one of
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
A hexadecimal numeral consists of the leading ASCII characters
0x
 or
0X
 fol 
lowed by one or more ASCII hexadecimal digits and can represent a positive,
zero, or negative integer. Hexadecimal digits with values 10 through 15 are repre 
sented by the ASCII letters
a
 through
f
 or
A
 through
F
, respectively; each letter
used as a hexadecimal digit may be uppercase or lowercase.
HexNumeral:
0 x
HexDigit
0 X
HexDigit
HexNumeral HexDigit
The following production from  3.3 is repeated here for clarity:
HexDigit: one of
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f A B C D E F
An octal numeral consists of an ASCII digit
0
 followed by one or more of the
ASCII digits
0
 through
7
 and can represent a positive, zero, or negative integer.
OctalNumeral:
0
OctalDigit
OctalNumeral OctalDigit
OctalDigit: one of
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
20






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