Chapter 9. The Operating System
62
created and removed by the
postinst
and
prerm
maintainer scripts and not be included in
the
.deb
archive. These scripts must not fail if either of these operations fail.
For example, the
emacsen common
package could contain something like
if [ !  e /usr/local/share/emacs ]
then
if mkdir /usr/local/share/emacs 2>/dev/null
then
chown root:staff /usr/local/share/emacs
chmod 2775 /usr/local/share/emacs
fi
fi
in its
postinst
script, and
rmdir /usr/local/share/emacs/site lisp 2>/dev/null || true
rmdir /usr/local/share/emacs 2>/dev/null || true
in the
prerm
script. (Note that this form is used to ensure that if the script is interrupted, the
directory
/usr/local/share/emacs
will still be removed.)
If you do create a directory in
/usr/local
for local additions to a package, you should ensure
that settings in
/usr/local
take precedence over the equivalents in
/usr
.
However, because
/usr/local
and its contents are for exclusive use of the local administra 
tor, a package must not rely on the presence or absence of files or directories in
/usr/local
for normal operation.
The
/usr/local
directory itself and all the subdirectories created by the package should
(by default) have permissions 2775 (group writable and set group id) and be owned by
root.staff
.
9.1.3 The system wide mail directory
The system wide mail directory is
/var/mail
. This directory is part of the base system and
should not owned by any particular mail agents. The use of the old location
/var/spool
/mail
is deprecated, even though the spool may still be physically located there. To maintain
partial upgrade compatibility for systems which have
/var/spool/mail
as their physical
mail spool, packages using
/var/mail
must depend on either
libc6
(>= 2.1.3 13), or on
base files
(>= 2.2.0), or on later versions of either one of these packages.
9.2 Users and groups
9.2.1 Introduction
The Debian system can be configured to use either plain or shadow passwords.






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