is

n

 left shifted

s

 bit positions; this is equivalent (even if

overflow occurs) to multiplication by two to the power

s

.

The value of

n>>s

 is

n

 right shifted

s

 bit positions with sign extension. The

resulting value is

s

n

2

. For nonnegative values of

n

, this is equivalent to trun 

cating integer division, as computed by the integer division operator

/

, by two to

the power

s

.

The value of

n>>>s

 is

n

 right shifted

s

 bit positions with zero extension. If

n

is positive, then the result is the same as that of

n>>s

; if

n

 is negative, the result is

equal to that of the expression

(n>>s)+(2<<~s)

 if the type of the left hand oper 

and is

int

, and to the result of the expression

(n>>s)+(2L<<~s)

 if the type of the

left hand operand is

long

. The added term

(2<<~s)

 or

(2L<<~s)

 cancels out the

propagated sign bit. (Note that, because of the implicit masking of the right hand

operand of a shift operator,

~s

 as a shift distance is equivalent to

31 s

 when shift 

ing an

int

 value and to

63 s

 when shifting a

long

 value.)

15.19   Relational Operators

The

relational operators

 are syntactically left associative (they group left to 

right), but this fact is not useful; for example,

a