CONTENTS
iv
7 Declaring relationships between packages
45
7.1
Syntax of relationship fields
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
7.2
Binary Dependencies  
Depends
,
Recommends
,
Suggests
,
Enhances
,
Pre Depends
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
7.3
Conflicting binary packages  
Conflicts
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
7.4
Virtual packages  
Provides
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
7.5
Overwriting files and replacing packages  
Replaces
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
7.5.1
Overwriting files in other packages
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
7.5.2
Replacing whole packages, forcing their removal
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
7.6
Relationships between source and binary packages  
Build Depends
,
Build Depends Indep
,
Build Conflicts
,
Build Conflicts Indep
. . 50
8 Shared libraries
53
8.1
Run time shared libraries
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
8.1.1
ldconfig
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
8.2
Run time support programs
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
8.3
Static libraries
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
8.4
Development files
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
8.5
Dependencies between the packages of the same library
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
8.6
Dependencies between the library and other packages   the
shlibs
system
. . . 56
8.6.1
The
shlibs
files present on the system
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
8.6.2
How to use
dpkg shlibdeps
and the
shlibs
files
. . . . . . . . . . . . 57
8.6.3
The
shlibs
File Format
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
8.6.4
Providing a
shlibs
file
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
8.6.5
Writing the
debian/shlibs.local
file
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
9 The Operating System
61
9.1
File system hierarchy
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
9.1.1
File system Structure
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
9.1.2
Site specific programs
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
9.1.3
The system wide mail directory
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
9.2
Users and groups
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
9.2.1
Introduction
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62






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