To learn more about JSP, visit the Sun Microsystems website at 
java.sun.com/products/jsp/
.
To learn more about PHP, visit the PHP website at 
www.php.net/
.
Web application terminology
This section defines frequently used terms relating to web applications.
An application server
 is software that helps a web server process web pages 
containing server side scripts or tags. When such a page is requested from 
the server, the web server hands the page off to the application server for 
processing before sending the page to the browser. For more information, 
see 
 How a web application works  on page 219
. 
Common application servers include Macromedia ColdFusion, 
Macromedia JRun Server, the Microsoft .NET Framework, IBM 
WebSphere, and Apache Tomcat. 
A database
 is a collection of data stored in tables. Each row of a table 
constitutes one record and each column constitutes a field in the record, as 
shown in the following example. 
Fields (columns)
Number
LastName FirstName
Position
Goal
Records
(rows)
A database driver
 is software that acts as an interpreter between a web 
application and a database. Data in a database is stored in a proprietary 
format. A database driver lets the web application read and manipulate 
data that would otherwise be undecipherable.
A database management system
 (DBMS, or database system) is software 
used to create and manipulate databases. Common database systems 
include Microsoft Access, Oracle 9i, and MySQL.
A database query
 is the operation that extracts a recordset from a 
database. A query consists of search criteria expressed in a database 
language called SQL. For example, the query can specify that only certain 
columns or only certain records be included in the recordset.
Web application terminology 227






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